There can be many reasons. If your laptop is old and when you put heavy softwares and games on it at one time, it causes issues. So, try to avoid heavy softwares if your system is old and also use cooling pad and liquid cooling system. Don't forget to clean your system on regular basis. If you are still confused or you have any issues, then follow the guide below.
https://www.techprefer.com/why-computer-is-making-loud-noise-how-to-make-it-quiet/